本文提出了一类新的实时优化方案，以克服不确定过程的系统模型不匹配。这项工作的新颖性在于在贝叶斯优化框架内集成无衍生优化的优化方案和多保真高斯进程。所提出的方案对随机系统进行了两个高斯过程，通过测量来模拟（已知）过程模型，另一个，真实系统。以这种方式，可以通过模型获得低保真度样本，而通过系统的测量获得高保真样本。该框架在非参数时捕获系统的行为，同时通过采集函数驾驶探索。使用高斯进程代表系统的好处是能够实时地执行不确定性量化，并允许有机会限制以满足高信任。这导致一种实用的方法，其在数值案例研究中示出，包括半批量光生物反应器优化问题。

强化学习（RL）控制器在控制社区中产生了兴奋。 RL控制器相对于现有方法的主要优点是它们能够优化不确定的系统，独立于明确假设过程不确定性。最近对工程应用的关注是针对安全RL控制器的发展。以前的作品已经提出了通过从随机模型预测控制领域的限制收紧来解释约束满足的方法。在这里，我们将这些方法扩展到植物模型不匹配。具体地，我们提出了一种利用离线仿真模型的高斯过程的数据驱动方法，并使用相关的后部不确定预测来解释联合机会限制和植物模型不匹配。该方法通过案例研究反对非线性模型预测控制的基准测试。结果证明了方法理解过程不确定性的能力，即使在植物模型错配的情况下也能满足联合机会限制。

Mapping the seafloor with underwater imaging cameras is of significant importance for various applications including marine engineering, geology, geomorphology, archaeology and biology. For shallow waters, among the underwater imaging challenges, caustics i.e., the complex physical phenomena resulting from the projection of light rays being refracted by the wavy surface, is likely the most crucial one. Caustics is the main factor during underwater imaging campaigns that massively degrade image quality and affect severely any 2D mosaicking or 3D reconstruction of the seabed. In this work, we propose a novel method for correcting the radiometric effects of caustics on shallow underwater imagery. Contrary to the state-of-the-art, the developed method can handle seabed and riverbed of any anaglyph, correcting the images using real pixel information, thus, improving image matching and 3D reconstruction processes. In particular, the developed method employs deep learning architectures in order to classify image pixels to "non-caustics" and "caustics". Then, exploits the 3D geometry of the scene to achieve a pixel-wise correction, by transferring appropriate color values between the overlapping underwater images. Moreover, to fill the current gap, we have collected, annotated and structured a real-world caustic dataset, namely R-CAUSTIC, which is openly available. Overall, based on the experimental results and validation the developed methodology is quite promising in both detecting caustics and reconstructing their intensity.

Automatic fake news detection is a challenging problem in misinformation spreading, and it has tremendous real-world political and social impacts. Past studies have proposed machine learning-based methods for detecting such fake news, focusing on different properties of the published news articles, such as linguistic characteristics of the actual content, which however have limitations due to the apparent language barriers. Departing from such efforts, we propose FNDaaS, the first automatic, content-agnostic fake news detection method, that considers new and unstudied features such as network and structural characteristics per news website. This method can be enforced as-a-Service, either at the ISP-side for easier scalability and maintenance, or user-side for better end-user privacy. We demonstrate the efficacy of our method using data crawled from existing lists of 637 fake and 1183 real news websites, and by building and testing a proof of concept system that materializes our proposal. Our analysis of data collected from these websites shows that the vast majority of fake news domains are very young and appear to have lower time periods of an IP associated with their domain than real news ones. By conducting various experiments with machine learning classifiers, we demonstrate that FNDaaS can achieve an AUC score of up to 0.967 on past sites, and up to 77-92% accuracy on newly-flagged ones.

Verifying the input-output relationships of a neural network so as to achieve some desired performance specification is a difficult, yet important, problem due to the growing ubiquity of neural nets in many engineering applications. We use ideas from probability theory in the frequency domain to provide probabilistic verification guarantees for ReLU neural networks. Specifically, we interpret a (deep) feedforward neural network as a discrete dynamical system over a finite horizon that shapes distributions of initial states, and use characteristic functions to propagate the distribution of the input data through the network. Using the inverse Fourier transform, we obtain the corresponding cumulative distribution function of the output set, which can be used to check if the network is performing as expected given any random point from the input set. The proposed approach does not require distributions to have well-defined moments or moment generating functions. We demonstrate our proposed approach on two examples, and compare its performance to related approaches.

We propose AstroSLAM, a standalone vision-based solution for autonomous online navigation around an unknown target small celestial body. AstroSLAM is predicated on the formulation of the SLAM problem as an incrementally growing factor graph, facilitated by the use of the GTSAM library and the iSAM2 engine. By combining sensor fusion with orbital motion priors, we achieve improved performance over a baseline SLAM solution. We incorporate orbital motion constraints into the factor graph by devising a novel relative dynamics factor, which links the relative pose of the spacecraft to the problem of predicting trajectories stemming from the motion of the spacecraft in the vicinity of the small body. We demonstrate the excellent performance of AstroSLAM using both real legacy mission imagery and trajectory data courtesy of NASA's Planetary Data System, as well as real in-lab imagery data generated on a 3 degree-of-freedom spacecraft simulator test-bed.

The de facto standard of dynamic histogram binning for radiomic feature extraction leads to an elevated sensitivity to fluctuations in annotated regions. This may impact the majority of radiomic studies published recently and contribute to issues regarding poor reproducibility of radiomic-based machine learning that has led to significant efforts for data harmonization; however, we believe the issues highlighted here are comparatively neglected, but often remedied by choosing static binning. The field of radiomics has improved through the development of community standards and open-source libraries such as PyRadiomics. But differences in image acquisition, systematic differences between observers' annotations, and preprocessing steps still pose challenges. These can change the distribution of voxels altering extracted features and can be exacerbated with dynamic binning.

在本文中，我们为自主机器人提供了一种新型的模型预测控制方法，受到任意形式的不确定性。拟议的风险感知模型预测路径积分（RA-MPPI）控制利用条件价值（CVAR）度量来为安全关键的机器人应用生成最佳控制动作。与大多数现有的随机MPC和CVAR优化方法不同，这些方法将原始动力学线性化并将控制任务制定为凸面程序，而拟议的方法直接使用原始动力学，而无需限制成本函数或噪声的形式。我们将新颖的RA-MPPI控制器应用于自动驾驶汽车，以在混乱的环境中进行积极的驾驶操作。我们的仿真和实验表明，与基线MPPI控制器相比，提出的RA-MPPI控制器可以达到大约相同的圈时间，而碰撞的碰撞明显少得多。所提出的控制器以高达80Hz的更新频率执行在线计算，利用现代图形处理单元（GPU）来进行多线程轨迹以及CVAR值的生成。

我们介绍了第一个机器学习引力波搜索模拟数据挑战（MLGWSC-1）的结果。在这一挑战中，参与的小组必须从二进制黑洞合并中识别出复杂性和持续时间逐渐嵌入在逐渐更现实的噪声中的引力波信号。 4个提供的数据集中的决赛包含O3A观察的真实噪声，并发出了20秒的持续时间，其中包含进动效应和高阶模式。我们介绍了在提交前从参与者未知的1个月的测试数据中得出的6个输入算法的平均灵敏度距离和运行时。其中4个是机器学习算法。我们发现，最好的基于机器学习的算法能够以每月1个的错误警报率（FAR）的速度（FAR）实现基于匹配过滤的生产分析的敏感距离的95％。相反，对于真实的噪音，领先的机器学习搜索获得了70％。为了更高的范围，敏感距离缩小的差异缩小到某些数据集上选择机器学习提交的范围$ \ geq 200 $以优于传统搜索算法的程度。我们的结果表明，当前的机器学习搜索算法可能已经在有限的参数区域中对某些生产设置有用。为了改善最新的技术，机器学习算法需要降低他们能够检测信号并将其有效性扩展到参数空间区域的虚假警报率，在这些区域中，建模的搜索在计算上很昂贵。根据我们的发现，我们汇编了我们认为，将机器学习搜索提升到重力波信号检测中的宝贵工具，我们认为这是最重要的研究领域。

在本文中，我们开发了一种方法，该方法使自主机器人能够从点云数据构建和压缩语义环境表示。我们的方法从传感器数据中构建了环境的三维语义树表示，然后通过一种新型的信息理论树木修复方法来压缩。所提出的方法是概率的，并将其纳入现实世界中固有的语义分类中。此外，我们的方法允许机器人在生成压缩树时优先考虑单个语义类，以设计保留相关语义信息的多分辨率表示，同时丢弃不需要的语义类别。我们通过压缩大型户外，语义丰富，真实世界环境的语义OCTREE模型来演示方法。此外，我们还展示了如何使用OCTREE抽象来创建语义信息图以进行运动计划，并使用未知的图形构造方法（例如Halton序列）进行比较。